Animals, both wild and domestic, can sometimes find their way under fences, leading to unwanted guests in your yard, garden damage, or even potential safety concerns for your pets. Understanding how to effectively block these unwanted entries is crucial for maintaining a secure and peaceful property. This article will explore various methods and strategies you can employ to create a formidable barrier and keep animals out from under your fence.
Understanding the Problem: Why Animals Go Under Fences
Before diving into solutions, it’s essential to understand the motivations behind animals going under fences. Several factors can contribute to this behavior. Animals may be seeking food sources such as insects, grubs, or even garden vegetables. Others might be searching for shelter from the elements or predators. Some animals, particularly domestic pets, might simply be curious and looking for an escape route. Identifying the specific animals and their motivations will help you choose the most effective blocking methods. Consider if you’re dealing with small rodents, determined digging dogs, or larger wildlife like rabbits or foxes.
Effective Methods for Blocking Animals Under Fences
Once you understand why animals are trying to breach your fence line, you can implement targeted solutions. The best approach often involves a combination of methods to create a layered defense.
Extending the Fence Below Ground
One of the most reliable ways to prevent animals from digging under a fence is to extend the fence material below the ground. This creates a physical barrier that prevents digging animals from easily bypassing the fence.
Burying Hardware Cloth or Wire Mesh
Hardware cloth or wire mesh is a versatile and effective material for underground fence extensions. Choose a mesh size appropriate for the animals you are trying to deter; smaller mesh sizes are better for rodents, while larger mesh can work for larger animals like rabbits or dogs.
To install, dig a trench along the base of your fence, extending at least 12 inches below the ground. Consider going deeper (up to 24 inches) if you have persistent diggers or live in an area with burrowing animals. Attach the hardware cloth to the existing fence and bury the remaining portion in the trench. Angle the buried portion outward slightly to further discourage digging. Backfill the trench with soil, compacting it firmly.
Using Concrete Footers
For a more permanent and robust solution, consider creating a concrete footer along the base of your fence. This involves pouring a concrete barrier that extends below ground level. While more labor-intensive, a concrete footer provides an impenetrable barrier against even the most determined diggers.
This method is often best suited for new fence installations but can be retrofitted to existing fences with some effort. You’ll need to dig a trench along the fence line, create a form for the concrete, and pour the concrete into the form. Ensure the concrete extends at least 12 inches below ground and several inches above ground to prevent erosion and further deter animals.
Creating a Physical Barrier at Ground Level
Even without burying materials, creating a physical barrier at ground level can deter animals from attempting to go under the fence. This can involve using various materials and strategies to make it uncomfortable or impossible for animals to get through.
Installing Chicken Wire or Welded Wire
Similar to hardware cloth, chicken wire or welded wire can be attached to the bottom of your fence to close off gaps. While not as strong as buried hardware cloth, it can be effective against smaller animals and can be a more affordable option for covering larger areas. Attach the wire securely to the existing fence, ensuring there are no gaps or loose areas.
Using Rocks or Gravel
Placing a layer of rocks or gravel along the base of the fence can deter animals from digging. The uneven surface can be uncomfortable for digging and can also make it more difficult for animals to gain purchase to push their way under the fence. Choose rocks or gravel that are large enough to prevent them from being easily moved or scattered by animals.
Employing Deterrents and Repellents
In addition to physical barriers, you can use deterrents and repellents to discourage animals from approaching your fence line. These methods can be particularly effective when used in conjunction with physical barriers.
Using Animal Repellents
Various commercial animal repellents are available that can be sprayed or sprinkled along the base of your fence. These repellents often contain ingredients that animals find unpleasant, such as bitter tastes or strong odors. Reapply repellents regularly, especially after rain, to maintain their effectiveness.
Motion-Activated Sprinklers
Motion-activated sprinklers can be an effective way to deter animals from approaching your fence. When an animal triggers the motion sensor, the sprinkler will spray a burst of water, startling the animal and encouraging it to leave the area. Position the sprinklers strategically along the fence line to cover potential entry points.
Addressing Specific Animal Types
The best approach for blocking animals under your fence will vary depending on the specific animals you are trying to deter. Different animals have different behaviors and capabilities, so it’s essential to tailor your strategy accordingly.
Dealing with Digging Dogs
Dogs are often motivated to dig under fences to escape the yard or to pursue interesting scents or objects outside the fence. If your own dog is the culprit, addressing the underlying cause of the digging is crucial. Provide plenty of exercise, mental stimulation, and attention to reduce boredom and anxiety.
In addition to addressing the underlying causes, you can also implement physical barriers such as buried hardware cloth or concrete footers. Consider also providing your dog with a designated digging area in the yard to redirect their digging behavior.
Blocking Rabbits and Rodents
Rabbits and rodents are often attracted to gardens and other areas with vegetation. They can squeeze through small gaps under fences, so it’s essential to use fine-mesh materials to block their entry.
Burying hardware cloth with a small mesh size is an effective way to prevent rabbits and rodents from digging under the fence. You can also use chicken wire or welded wire to close off any existing gaps. Remove any potential food sources or shelter near the fence line, such as piles of wood or overgrown vegetation.
Deterring Wildlife
Depending on your location, you may need to deter larger wildlife such as deer, foxes, or raccoons. These animals can be more challenging to block, as they may be able to jump over or climb fences.
In addition to physical barriers, consider using motion-activated sprinklers or lights to deter wildlife from approaching your fence. Secure your garbage cans and remove any other potential food sources from your yard. If deer are a concern, consider installing a taller fence or using deer-resistant plants in your garden.
Fence Maintenance and Regular Inspection
Even with the best blocking methods in place, regular fence maintenance and inspection are crucial for ensuring continued effectiveness. Over time, fences can become damaged or weakened, creating new entry points for animals.
Inspect your fence regularly for any signs of damage, such as broken boards, loose wires, or gaps at the bottom. Repair any damage promptly to prevent animals from exploiting weaknesses in the fence. Pay particular attention to areas where animals have previously attempted to go under the fence. Check the soil line along the fence to identify any signs of digging.
Additional Tips and Considerations
Beyond the methods described above, here are some additional tips and considerations for blocking animals under your fence:
- Consider the local regulations: Before making any significant changes to your fence, check with your local homeowners association or municipality to ensure that your plans comply with any applicable regulations.
- Consult with a professional: If you are unsure about the best approach for blocking animals under your fence, consider consulting with a professional fencing contractor or pest control specialist. They can assess your situation and recommend the most effective solutions.
- Be persistent: Blocking animals under your fence can be an ongoing process. Be prepared to monitor your fence regularly and make adjustments as needed.
- Consider humane methods: When dealing with wildlife, prioritize humane methods that deter animals without causing them harm. Avoid using traps or poisons, as these can be dangerous to both animals and humans.
By understanding the reasons why animals go under fences and implementing the appropriate blocking methods, you can create a secure and peaceful environment for yourself and your pets. Remember that a combination of physical barriers, deterrents, and regular maintenance is often the most effective approach.
What type of wire mesh is best for preventing animals from digging under my fence?
Galvanized hardware cloth with a mesh size of 1/2 inch or smaller is generally the best option for preventing animals from digging under your fence. Galvanized means the wire is coated with zinc, making it resistant to rust and corrosion, extending its lifespan even when buried in the ground. A mesh size of 1/2 inch or smaller prevents even small animals like rabbits and squirrels from squeezing through the openings.
Choosing the right gauge (thickness) of the hardware cloth is also crucial. A heavier gauge, such as 19-gauge or thicker, will provide greater durability and resistance to chewing. Thinner gauges may be more susceptible to damage, particularly from larger, more determined animals like dogs or foxes. Always prioritize durability to ensure your efforts are effective and long-lasting.
How deep should I bury the wire mesh to effectively stop digging animals?
The depth you need to bury the wire mesh depends on the size and digging habits of the animals you are trying to deter. Generally, burying the mesh at least 12 inches deep provides a good level of protection against most common garden pests like rabbits, squirrels, and smaller dogs. For larger or more persistent diggers, such as foxes or large dogs, you may need to bury the mesh deeper, aiming for 18-24 inches.
Additionally, creating an “L” shape with the buried mesh can further discourage digging. Extend the bottom edge of the mesh outward, away from the fence line, for about 6-12 inches. This creates a horizontal barrier that animals are less likely to dig past, as they tend to dig straight down near the fence rather than outwards.
Can I use rocks or concrete instead of wire mesh to block animals?
Yes, rocks and concrete can be effective alternatives to wire mesh, particularly for areas where aesthetics are a primary concern or for creating a more permanent barrier. Large rocks placed along the fence line can deter digging by physically blocking access, while a concrete footer provides a solid, impenetrable barrier beneath the fence. However, both options require more effort and potentially higher costs to install.
Using rocks can be effective if they are large enough and tightly packed, preventing animals from maneuvering around them. Concrete requires proper mixing and curing to create a durable and long-lasting barrier. While these methods offer a more visually appealing solution than wire mesh, they may not be suitable for all situations, especially if the fence runs along uneven terrain.
What are some natural repellents I can use to discourage animals from digging near my fence?
Several natural repellents can help discourage animals from digging near your fence, supplementing physical barriers. These repellents work by using scents or tastes that animals find unpleasant. Examples include cayenne pepper, garlic powder, citrus peels, and vinegar. Applying these substances around the perimeter of your fence can deter animals without harming them.
Another effective natural repellent is animal urine, particularly predator urine (such as fox or coyote urine), which can be purchased at garden centers. The scent of a predator will often deter smaller animals from approaching the area. Reapplication of these repellents is necessary after rain or watering, as the scents will dissipate over time.
How do I address areas where the ground is uneven or slopes beneath the fence?
Uneven ground or slopes beneath the fence can create gaps that animals can easily exploit. It’s crucial to address these areas specifically to prevent animals from slipping under. You may need to use a combination of techniques to effectively close these gaps, depending on the severity of the unevenness.
For minor gaps, using additional wire mesh or smaller rocks can fill the space. For larger gaps caused by slopes, consider installing a short section of additional fencing, sinking the bottom edge into the ground to create a level barrier. You can also build a small retaining wall to level the ground along the fence line and then apply one of the preventative measures described earlier.
Are there any specific plants I can use to deter animals from digging near the fence?
Yes, some plants can act as natural deterrents due to their strong scents, prickly textures, or toxic properties. Planting these along your fence line can create an additional barrier against digging animals. Examples include thorny bushes like roses or pyracantha, strongly scented herbs like lavender or rosemary, and plants known to be toxic to certain animals.
Remember to research the specific plants and their impact on the animals you are trying to deter and any potential risks to pets or children. Consider the mature size and growth habits of the plants to ensure they don’t damage your fence or become invasive. Properly chosen and maintained plants can provide an aesthetically pleasing and effective deterrent.
How do I prevent my own dog from digging under the fence?
Preventing your own dog from digging under the fence requires a different approach than deterring wild animals. Because your dog lives on the property, repellents and some physical barriers may be less effective. Focus on training, providing alternative digging outlets, and reinforcing the existing fence.
Provide your dog with a designated digging area in the yard, such as a sandbox filled with sand or loose soil. Train your dog to dig only in that area using positive reinforcement. Also, ensure your dog has plenty of exercise and mental stimulation to reduce boredom, a common cause of digging. Reinforce the fence line with additional wire mesh or a concrete footer if necessary, and consistently supervise your dog when they are in the yard.